History 3010

History 3010

The Fight for the West Timeline

Navajo Conflicts 1849-63 Arizona and New Mexico Persistent fighting between the Navajo and the led to their expulsion and incarceration on an inhospitable reservation far from their homeland.

Sioux Wars 1854-90 Wyoming, Minnesota and South Dakota Moved across the Mississippi into "Indian Country," the Sioux under and Crazy Horse resisted waves of settlers and prospectors, to keep their hunting grounds.

Rogue River War 1855-56 Southwestern Oregon Attacks on Rogue River Valley Indian people were meant to start a war that would employ miners unable to work because of a drought. Indian survivors were forced out to reservations.

Third Seminole War 1855-58 Florida Everglades Under Chief Billy Bowlegs, the Seminole mounted their final stand against the U.S. Bowlegs surrendered; he and others were deported to Indian Territory in Oklahoma.
Apache Attacks 1861-1900 New Mexico, Arizona, Texas and Mexico Rejecting reservation life, Apaches under Geronimo, Cochise and others staged hundreds of attacks on outposts. finally surrendered in 1886; others fought on until 1900.

Ute Wars 1865-68, 1879 Utah The Ute nation rose episodically against the whites. Mormon settlers were relentlessly overtaking Ute lands and exhausting their resources and wildlife.

Modoc War 1872-73 Northern California and Southern Oregon Captain Jack and followers fled from their hardscrabble reservation to the lava beds of Tule Lake, where they held out against soldiers for six months. He was hanged.

Red River War 1874-75 Northwestern Texas William T. Sherman led a campaign of more than 14 battles against the Arapaho, Comanche, Cheyenne and Kiowa tribes, who eventually surrendered.

Battle of the Rosebud 1876 Rosebud Creek, Southern Montana Lakota and Cheyenne under Crazy Horse turned back soldiers commanded by General George Crook, thereby cutting off reinforcements that might have aided Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

Battle of the Little Bighorn 1876 Southern Montana George A. Custer and 250 soldiers under his immediate command confronted Sioux warriors on the Little Bighorn River and were wiped out in the ensuing fight.

Nez Percé War 1877 Oregon, Idaho, Montana After fighting to keep their home in Wallowa Valley, Chief Joseph led his people on a 1,700-mile retreat to Canada. They surrendered near the border to Nelson Miles' soldiers.

The Wounded Knee Massacre 1890 South Dakota Following the killing of Sitting Bull, Big Foot took command of the final band of fighting Lakota (Sioux). They were trapped at Wounded Knee Creek and destroyed by the U.S. Army.

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Navajo Conflicts	1849-63	Arizona and New Mexico	Persistent fighting between the Navajo and the led to their expulsion and incarceration on an inhospitable reservation far from their homeland.
Sioux Wars	1854-90	Wyoming, Minnesota and South Dakota	Moved across the Mississippi into "Indian Country," the Sioux under and Crazy Horse resisted waves of settlers and prospectors, to keep their hunting grounds.
Rogue River War	1855-56	Southwestern Oregon	Attacks on Rogue River Valley Indian people were meant to start a war that would employ miners unable to work because of a drought. Indian survivors were forced out to reservations.
Third Seminole War	1855-58	Florida Everglades	Under Chief Billy Bowlegs, the Seminole mounted their final stand against the U.S. Bowlegs surrendered; he and others were deported to Indian Territory in Oklahoma.
Apache Attacks	1861-1900	New Mexico, Arizona, Texas and Mexico	Rejecting reservation life, Apaches under Geronimo, Cochise and others staged hundreds of attacks on outposts. finally surrendered in 1886; others fought on until 1900.
Ute Wars	1865-68, 1879	Utah	The Ute nation rose episodically against the whites. Mormon settlers were relentlessly overtaking Ute lands and exhausting their resources and wildlife.
Modoc War	1872-73	Northern California and Southern Oregon	Captain Jack and followers fled from their hardscrabble reservation to the lava beds of Tule Lake, where they held out against soldiers for six months. He was hanged.
Red River War	1874-75	Northwestern Texas	William T. Sherman led a campaign of more than 14 battles against the Arapaho, Comanche, Cheyenne and Kiowa tribes, who eventually surrendered.
Battle of the Rosebud	1876	Rosebud Creek, Southern Montana	Lakota and Cheyenne under Crazy Horse turned back soldiers commanded by General George Crook, thereby cutting off reinforcements that might have aided Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
Battle of the Little Bighorn	1876	Southern Montana	George A. Custer and 250 soldiers under his immediate command confronted Sioux warriors on the Little Bighorn River and were wiped out in the ensuing fight.
Nez Percé War	1877	Oregon, Idaho, Montana	After fighting to keep their home in Wallowa Valley, Chief Joseph led his people on a 1,700-mile retreat to Canada. They surrendered near the border to Nelson Miles' soldiers.
The Wounded Knee Massacre	1890	South Dakota	Following the killing of Sitting Bull, Big Foot took command of the final band of fighting Lakota (Sioux). They were trapped at Wounded Knee Creek and destroyed by the U.S. Army.