History 3010  MacKay

Weeks 5-6

Readings:
                Calloway: pgs: 182-183; chapter 4 ( for the complete text of the Supreme Court decisions regarding Cherokee lands see: http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1801-1825/marshallcases/marxx.htm

The Cherokee treaties of 1785 and 1798

See maps of Cherokee lands: http://www.cherokeehistory.com/map1.html

Cherokee Land Cessions

1884

The map image used on this page was supplied by Charles A. Reeves, Jr., and was modified for Internet use by Fred Smoot. This image is just a thumbnail of the original very large map.


Charles Royce's 1884 Cherokee Cessions Map


Colonial Period


 

No.

Date and designation of Cherokee Treaties.

Description of Cession

Color.
 1.  Treaty of 1721 with South Carolina.  Tract in South Carolina between Santee, Saluda, and Edisto Rivers.  Red.
 2.  Treaty of Nov.24, 1755 with South Carolina.  Tract in South Carolina between Wateree and Savannah Rivers.  Blue.
 3.  Treaty of Oct. 14, 1768, with British Superintendent of Indian Affairs.  Tract in Southwestern Virginia.  Mauve.
 4.  Treaty of Oct. 14, 1770 at Lochabar, S.C.  Tract in Virginia, West Virginia, Northeastern Tennessee, and Eastern Kentucky, which is overlapped by No. 7.  Red.
 5.  Treaty of 1772 with Virginia.(1)  Tract in Virginia, West Virginia, and Eastern Kentucky.  Yellow.
 6.  Treaty of June 1, 1773 with British Superintendent of Indian Affairs.  Tract in Georgia, north of Broad River.  Mauve.
 7.  Treaty of March 17, 1775, with Richard Henderson, et al.  Tract in Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee (overlaps No. 4).  Blue.
 8.  Treaty of May 20, 1777, with South Carolina and Georgia.  Tract in Northwestern South Carolina.  Red.
 9.  Treaty of July 20, 1777, with Virginia and North Carolina.  Tract in Western North Carolina and Northeastern Tennessee.  Green.
 10.  Treaty of May 31, 1783, with Georgia.  Tract in Georgia, between Oconee and Tugaloo Rivers.  Green.

1. The Treaty of 1772 appears to be an arrangement  made in 1771 between the Treaty Commisioneers and the Cherokee, but not a bona fide  treaty.

Federal Period
 

No.

Date and designation of Cherokee Treaties.

Description of Cession

Color.
 10a.  Treaty of nov.28, 1785, with the United States.  Tract in Western North Carolina.  Yellow.
 10b.  ...do...  Tract in Southern and Western Kentucky and Northern Tennessee.  Green.
 11.  Treaty of July 2, 1791, with United States.  Tract in Western North Carolina and Eastern Tennessee.  Brown.
 12.  Treaty of Oct. 2, 1798, with United States.  Tract in Tennessee, between Hawkin’s Line, Tennessee River, and Chilhowee Mountain.  Red.
 13.  ...do...  Tract in North Carolina, between Pickens and Meigs line.  Red.
 14.  ...do...  Tract in Tennessee, between Clinch River and Cumberland Mountain.  Red.
 15.  Treaty of Oct. 24, 1804, with United States.  Tract in Georgia, known as Wafford’s Settlement.  Red.
 16.  Treaty of Oct. 25, 1805, with United States.  Tract in Kentucky and Tennessee, west of Tennessee River and Cumberland Mountain.  Yellow.
 17.  Treaty of Oct, 27, 1805, with United States.  Tract in Tennessee of one section at Southwest Point.  Green.
 18.  ...do...  First island in Tennessee River above the mouth of the Clinch River.  Mauve.
 19.  Treaty of Jan. 7, 1806, with United States.  Tract in Tennessee and Alabama, between Tennessee and Duck Rivers.  Red.
 20.  ...do...  Long or Great Island in Holston River.  Red.
 21.  Treaty of Mar. 22, 1816, with United States.  Tract in Northwest corner of South Carolina.  Blue.
 22.  Treaty of Sept. 14, 1816, with United States.  Tract in Alabama and Mississippi.  Green.
 23.  Treaty of July 8, 1817, with United States.  Tract in Northeastern Georgia.  Yellow.
 24.  ...do...  Tract in Southern Tennessee.  Green.
 25.  ...do...  Tract in Northern Alabama, between Cypress and Elk River.  Blue.
 26.  ...do...  Tract in Northern Alabama, above the mouth of Spring Creek on Tennessee River.  Blue.
 27.  Treaty of Feb. 27, 1819, with United States.  Tract in Nothern Alabama and Southern Tennessee.  Yellow.
 28.  ...do...  Tract in Southern Tennessee, on Tennessee River.  Red.
 29.  ...do...  Tract in Tennessee, North Carolina, and Georgia.  Mauve.
 30.  ...do...  Jolly’s Island, in Tennessee River.  Red.
 31.  ...do...  Small tract in Tennessee, at and below the mouth of Clinch River.  Green.
 32.  ...do...  Tract of 12 miles square, on Tennessee River, in Alabama.  Mauve.
 33.  ...do...  Tract 1 mile square, in Tennessee, at foot of Cumberland Mountain.  Green.
 34.  ...do...  Tract of 1 mile square, at Cherokee Talootiske’s residence.  Green.
 35.  ...do...  Tract of 3 square miles, opposite mouth of Hiwassee River.  Green.
 36.  Treaty of Dec. 29, 1835, with United States.  Tract in Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee, being all the remaining lands east of the Mississippi River.  Blue.


 



Indian Land Cessions
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Academic Journal: Due October 4

Formal paper topic: "... to begin to understand the experience of Native Americans, we have to try to make the imaginative leap into this universe. At the same time, we have to unpick the threads of the Euro-American culture which has trapped them for so long and see how ides about 'the Indian' became translated into--and were used to vindicate--the policies used against them and the reality they inhabit today. This means re-examining many of our most basic beliefs about the world and--ultimately--the very apparatus with which we make sense of it.'
    Using Mann, Calloway, Jensen, and other sources, describe your understanding of some of the differences in values, assumptions, economies, social and political structures which distinguish Native America from Euro-America. How are you getting past the stereotypes about Indians that are so ingrained in our consciousness?  What guides are you using to the worlds of Native America?

Draft of formal paper to share in class (bring 2 copies) due: October 14
Final draft due: October 19

Internet Resources:

From the National Humanities Center, information especially for teachers about the Indian Removal policies: http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/tserve/nattrans/ntecoindian/essays/indianremoval.htm

Southeast

Short biography and portrait of Sequoyah: http://www.manataka.org/page81.html

From the Internet Public Library, information about the Cherokee Alphabet: http://www.ipl.org/div/kidspace/hello/cherokee.html

Map of Trail of Tears: http://rosecity.net/tears/trail/map.html

Portraits of Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa are available from: http://www.geocities.com/SouthBeach/Cove/8286/prophet.html

Speeches by Tecumseh: http://www.ilhawaii.net/%7Estony/shawnee.html

Southwest

A site of links related to the Hisatsinom (Anasazi) and the Hohokam http://home.earthlink.net/~jsmog/hohokam.html

3-D representation of Hohokam pit house: http://www.pleione.com/pithouse/

(http://southwest.library.arizona.edu/inte/back.1_div.5.html)

Map of New Mexico Pueblos: http://www.newmexico.org/go/loc/nativeamerica/page/nativeamerica-bymap.html

Information about Father Kino's missions: http://www.nps.gov/tuma/Kino_Missions.html

Historian David Weber on the Pueblo Revolt: http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/history/series/hw/pueblo/pueblo.htm