Child Psychology
Practice Exam III

1.  Which of the following is true about high levels of stress hormones produced by a baby during labor? High levels of stress hormones A. produce lasting traumatic effects for the baby.B. reduce the baby's ability to breathe.C. make the baby more groggy after birth.D. help the baby withstand oxygen deprivation.

2.  Which of the following statements about teratogens is true?
A. Small doses over long periods of time have more negative effects.
B. Teratogens are always harmful regardless of the genetic makeup of the mother or offspring.
C. The presence of several negative factors at once can worsen the impact of a single harmful agent.
D. The effects of teratogens are the same regardless of the age of the organism at time of exposure.

3.  The order of the three stages of prenatal development is: 
A. zygote, fetal, embryonic			
B. fetal, embryonic, zygote
C. embryonic, zygote, fetal			
D.  zygote, embryonic, fetal

4. All the neurons that will be produced in an individual's lifetime are formed by
A. the end of the first trimester.
B. the end of the second trimester.
C. birth.
D. the time the child is 2 years old.

5.  What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
A.  A set of physical malformations, behavior problems, and cognitive deficits caused by the mother's ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.
B.  A predisposition toward alcoholism inherited from either mother or father.
C.  A set of physical malformations, behavior problems, and cognitive deficits due to oocyte damage caused by maternal alcohol consumption.
D.   A set of physical malformations, behavior problems, and cognitive deficits due to sperm damage caused by paternal alcohol consumption.

6.  Usually when a couple has an unhappy marital relationship, the birth of a baby
A. increases marital conflict.
B. decreases marital conflict.
C. has no effect on the marital relationship.
D. creates renewed feelings of love.

7.  The fact that the genetic makeup and age of the prenatal organism influences the effects of teratogens is an example of
A. proximodistal development.
B. the additive effect.
C. the psychological consequences of teratogens.
D. bidirectional influences between child and environment.

8.  Research indicates that teenage mothers
A. are physically immature, and as a result prenatal difficulties increase.
B. are physically mature and strong enough to support pregnancy.
C. have babies who have a lower rate of problems.
D. are physically and emotionally unprepared for pregnancy.

9. Usually when a couple has an unhappy marital relationship, the birth of a baby
A. increases marital conflict.
B. decreases marital conflict.
C. has no effect on the marital relationship.
D. creates renewed feelings of love.

10. During the second stage of labor, the 
A) uterine contractions become more closely spaced in time.													
B) placenta is expelled.
C) baby is born.
D) cervix dilates.

11.  The best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development is 
A) the mother's health.
B) gestational age.
C) the Apgar score.
D) birth weight.

12.  Neonates can distinguish between the tastes of 
A) sweet and sour only.
B) sour and bitter only.
C) sweet and salty only.
D) sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.

13. Jesper was born after 36 weeks and weighed 2.5 pounds, while Nicolas was born after 30 weeks and weighed 2.5 pounds. All things been equal, which of the following statements is true? 
A) Jesper and Nicolas have equally poor long-term prognosis.
B) Nicolas’ long-term prognosis is likely to be more negative than Jesper’s.
C) Jesper’s long-term prognosis is likely to be more negative than Nicolas’.
D) Nicolas probably was undernourished or malnourished.

14. Brain damage may be indicated when newborn reflexes 
A) are strong and reliable.
B) disappear during the first 6 months.
C) persist past the usual disappearance point.
D) are affected by the maturation of the cortex.