Child Development
Practice Test 2

1.  How would a correlation of -.75 between the amount of alcohol consumed and the GPA among adolescents be interpreted?
A. Alcohol consumption is not related to GPA.	
B. Consumption of alcohol causes lower GPA. 
C. Greater consumption of alcohol is related to lower GPA 
D. Consumption of alcohol causes higher GPA. 
2. Which research design BEST helps a researcher determine the precise causes of behavior?  
A. experimental 
B. random assignment
C. laboratory
D. correlational

3. The failure to provide information about the stability of behavior changes in individuals is a disadvantage of the _____ developmental research design. 
A. cohort
B. inferential		
C. longitudinal		
D. cross-sectional 

4. Which developmental design has a serious problem with loss of participants? 		
A. cohort
B. inferential		
C. longitudinal		
D. cross-sectional 
5.  Which of the following statements is true of chromosomes? 
A. Chromosomes are stored outside the nucleus of every cell.
B. All chromosomes store and transmit genetic information.
C. Humans and chimpanzees have the same number of chromosomes.
D. All chromosomes come in matching pairs.

6.  Which of the following is true of meiosis? 
A. One chromosome of each pair is transmitted intact to the new cell.
B. Chromosomes next to each other break and exchange segments.
C. It results in two identical cells with 46 chromosomes.
D. all of the above

7.  The pattern of inheritance in which genes from mother and father both influence a person's characteristics is 
A. dominant-recessive. 
B. heterodominance. 
C. codominance.
D. X-linked.

8.  The socioeconomic status index is based on
A. gross income, as reported to the IRS.
B. information gathered in the U. S. Census.
C. the prestige of one's job.
D. a combination of social status, income, and education.

9.  Parents who are involved in school activities and attend parent-teacher conferences have children who 
A. experience greater difficulties with peers than other children. 
B. show superior academic achievement. 
C. display unusual emotional difficulties. 
D. are likely to have musical and artistic talents.

10.   The idea that environmental factors may modify a behavior more early than later in life is a part of 
A. range of reaction.
B. canalization.
C. niche-picking.
D. passive genetic-environmental correlations.

11. The tendency of an individual to actively choose environments that complement his or her heredity is called 
A. range of reaction.
B. canalization.
C. niche-picking.
D. evocative genetic-environmental correlation.

12. Evidence suggests that crowded housing, poor nutrition, and parental stress may be responsible for
A. low income.
B. the declining birth rate in developed countries.
C. siblings being widely spaced (born more than 2 years apart).
D. the negative correlation between family size and children's well-being.

13.  Which of the following statements about teratogens is true?
A. Small doses over long periods of time have more negative effects.
B. Teratogens are always harmful regardless of the genetic makeup of the mother or offspring.
C. The presence of several negative factors at once can worsen the impact of a single harmful agent.
D. The effects of teratogens are the same regardless of the age of the organism at time of exposure.

14.  The order of the three stages of development from conception to birth is: 
A. zygote, fetal, embryonic			
B. fetal, embryonic, zygote
C. embryonic, zygote, fetal			
D.  zygote, embryonic, fetal

15.  What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
A.  A set of physical malformations, behavior problems, and cognitive deficits caused by the mother's ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy.
B.  A predisposition toward alcoholism inherited from either mother or father.
C.  A tendency for the fetus to have symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, reflecting their addiction.
D.  A set of physical malformations, behavior problems, and cognitive deficits due to sperm damage caused by paternal alcohol consumption.

16.  Usually when a couple has an unhappy marital relationship, the birth of a baby...
A. increases marital conflict.
B. decreases marital conflict.
C. has no effect on the marital relationship.
D. creates renewed feelings of love.

17.  A baby in good physical condition should score _______ on the Apgar Scale. 
A. 1
B. 5 or less
C. 3 or more
D. 7 or more

18.  On the average, newborns spend about 16 to 18 hours per day
A. eating.
B. sleeping.
C. fussing. 
D. crying.