1. Rana has just begun puberty and notices slight breast development and some pubic hair. She then  grows underarm hair and next begins her growth spurt. This order of pubertal development
A. is typical for adolescent girls.
B. occurs more often in White girls than in African American girls.
C. takes 1 year to complete.
D. is unusual.
E. occurs more often in African American girls than in White girls.
ans: A
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2. The concept of the "reaction range" makes it difficult to determine the exact ___________ given by the ___________ because of the influence of the environment.
A. morphotype, stereotype
B. genotype, phenotype
C. phenotype, genotype
D. prototype, alphatype
ans: C
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3. The endocrine glands secrete hormones central for puberty that are transported
A. in the bloodstream.
B. through the lymph system.
C. in the water within the body.
D. through ducts within the body.
ans: A
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4. First menstruation appears to be triggered by a body weight of
A. 96 plus or minus 3 pounds.
B. 100 plus or minus 6 pounds.
C. 106 plus or minus 3 pounds.
D. 110 plus or minus 6 pounds.
E. 115 plus or minus 10 pounds.
ans: C
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5. Recent research has indicated that early maturation in girls increases their
A. bonds with friends.
B. sense of confidence.
C. notion of who they are.
D. vulnerability to problems.
ans: D
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6. Your text concludes that, for most individuals, the effects of hormones associated with puberty on adolescent adjustment are _____ than was commonly believed.
A. less sexual
B. more destructive
C. more extensive
D. less dramatic
ans: D
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7. The idea that development is the result of an ongoing, bi-directional interchange between heredity and the environment is called
A. evolutionary psychology.
B. the epigenetic view.
C. shared environmental influences.
D. active genotype-environment correlations.
E. evocative genotype-environment correlations.
ans: B
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8. Behavior geneticists believe that two siblings in a family may be very different because of
A. nonshared environmental influences.
B. passive genotype-environment correlations.
C. canalization.
D. natural selection.
E. all of these
ans: A
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9. According to Scarr, which genotype-environment correlation is most common for infants and young children?
A. active
B. passive
C. evocative
D. niche-picking
E. reactive
ans: B
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10. The evolutionary process that favors those individuals of a species who are best adapted to survive and reproduce is called
A. natural selection.
B. evolutionary psychology.
C. behavior genetics.
D. collaborative genes.
E. evolutionary developmental psychology.
ans: A
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11. What is the "basal metabolism rate"?
A. the amount of energy needed when the body is under stress
B. the maximum amount of energy an individual uses when in a resting state
C. the amount of energy needed for an individual to increase his or her heart rate 100%
D. the minimum amount of energy an individual uses in a resting state
E. the amount of energy needed for an individual to decrease his or her heart rate by half
ans: D
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12. In a study in which adolescents and adults were shown photos of fearful facial expressions,  MRIs  showed differences between the two age groups in the parts of the brain most activated by  viewing the emotional pictures. What explanation did the researchers give for the age difference?
A. Adolescents do not pay attention as well as adults do.
B. Adults are more likely than adolescents to react with reason and logic when they view emotional stimuli.
C. Adults are more likely than adolescents to have organized, distinct brain areas devoted to the processing of emotional stimuli.
D. Adolescents are more likely than adults to be uncooperative with the researchers.
E. Adults are more likely than adolescents to react with empathy and compassion when they view emotional stimuli.
ans: B
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