1. Which of the following is true about high levels of stress hormones produced by a baby during labor? High levels of stress hormones
A. produce lasting traumatic effects for the baby.
B. reduce the baby's ability to breathe.
C. make the baby more groggy after birth.
D. help the baby withstand oxygen deprivation.
ans: D
weight: 1

2. All the neurons that will be produced in an individual's lifetime are formed by
A. the end of the first trimester.
B. the end of the second trimester.
C. birth.
D. the time the child is 2 years old.
ans: B
weight: 1

3. Usually when a couple has an unhappy marital relationship, the birth of a baby
A. increases marital conflict.
B. decreases marital conflict.
C. has no effect on the marital relationship.
D. creates renewed feelings of love.
ans: A
weight: 1

4. The fact that the genetic makeup and age of the prenatal organism influences the effects of teratogens is an example of
A. proximodistal development.
B. the additive effect.
C. the psychological consequences of teratogens.
D. bidirectional influences between the child and environment.
ans: D
weight: 1

5. Research indicates that teenage mothers
A. are physically immature, and as a result prenatal difficulties increase.
B. are physically mature and strong enough to support pregnancy.
C. have babies who have a lower rate of problems.
D. are physically and emotionally unprepared for pregnancy.
ans: B
weight: 1

6. During the second stage of labor, the
A. uterine contractions become more closely spaced in time.
B. placenta is expelled.
C. baby is born.
D. cervix dilates.
ans: C
weight: 1

7. The best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development is
A. the mother's health.
B. gestational age.
C. high socio-economic status of the parents.
D. birth weight.
ans: D
weight: 1

8. Neonates can distinguish between the tastes of
A. sweet and sour only.
B. sour and bitter only.
C. sweet and salty only.
D. sweet, salty, sour, and bitter.
ans: D
weight: 1

9. Jesper was born after 36 weeks and weighed 2.5 pounds, while Nicolas was born after 30 weeks and weighed 2.5 pounds. All things been equal, which of the following statements is true?
A. Jesper and Nicolas have equally poor long-term prognosis.
B. Nicolas' long-term prognosis is likely to be more negative than Jesper's.
C. Jesper's long-term prognosis is likely to be more negative than Nicolas'.
D. Nicolas probably was undernourished or malnourished.
ans: C
weight: 1

10. Brain damage may be indicated when newborn reflexes
A. are strong and reliable.
B. disappear during the first 6 months.
C. persist past the usual disappearance point.
D. are affected by the maturation of the cortex.
ans: C
weight: 1